A Brief Primer Introduction To Brushed DC Motors

He DC palaki ʻiaʻO ka motika kahi ʻano motika maʻamau e holo ana ma ka mana o ke au pololei (DC). Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā ʻano hana like ʻole, mai nā mea uila liʻiliʻi a hiki i nā mīkini ʻoihana nui. Ma kēia ʻatikala hoʻolauna pōkole, e nānā pono mākou i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o nā motika DC palaki, kā lākou mau ʻāpana, a me kā lākou mau noi.

ʻO ka hana maʻamau o kahiMotika haptic 8mm ke anawaenapili i ka launa pū ʻana o kahi kahua magnetic a me ke au uila e hana i ka neʻe. ʻO nā ʻāpana nui o kahi motika DC palaki ʻia e komo pū me ka stator, rotor, commutator a me nā pulumu. ʻO ka stator ka ʻāpana paʻa o ka motika a loaʻa nā magnet a i ʻole nā wili electromagnetic i loko, ʻoiai ʻo ka rotor ka ʻāpana wili o ka motika a loaʻa ka armature. ʻO ka commutator kahi kuapo wili e kaohi ana i ke kahe o ke au i ka armature, a hoʻopili nā pulumu i ka commutator e hoʻoili i ka mana i ka armature.

Ke hoʻopili ʻia ke au i kahi motika, hana ʻia kahi kahua magnetic i loko o ka stator. Pili kēia kahua magnetic me ke kahua magnetic o ka rotor, e hoʻohuli ana i ka rotor. Ke wili ka rotor, hana pū ka commutator a me nā pulumu e hoʻololi mau i ke kuhikuhi o ke au e kahe ana ma o ka armature e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka rotor i ka wili ma ke kuhikuhi like.

Kumu Hana

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana o kahi motika DC palaki ʻia ma ke kumu kumu o ka hoʻokomo electromagnetic a me ka launa pū ʻana ma waena o nā kahua magnetic. Ke hoʻolako ʻia kahi au uila i ka motika, hoʻopuka ka stator—inā paha i lako me nā magnet mau a i ʻole nā wili electromagnetic—i kahi kahua magnetic paʻa. I ka manawa like, kahe ke au ma o nā wili armature ma ka rotor, e hoʻololi ana i ka rotor i electromagnet. Pili ke kahua magnetic o ka stator a me ke kahua magnetic o ka rotor kekahi i kekahi, e hana ana i kahi torque rotational (Lorentz force) e hoʻoulu ai i ka rotor e milo.

ʻO kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka wili mau ʻana ma ke kuhikuhi like, ʻo ia ka laulima ʻana ma waena o ka commutator a me nā pulumu. I ka huli ʻana o ka rotor, ʻo ka commutator—he ʻāpana apo māhele i hoʻopili ʻia i ke koʻokoʻo rotor—e wili pū ana. Mālama nā pulumu, i hana ʻia me ke kalapona a i ʻole ka graphite, i ka pilina mau me nā ʻāpana commutator. I ka hiki ʻana o ka rotor i nā kūlana kikoʻī, hoʻololi ka commutator i ke kuhikuhi o ke au e kahe ana ma o nā wili armature. ʻO kēia hoʻohuli ʻana o ke au i ka manawa kūpono e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana e mau ana ka polarity magnetic o ka rotor e pili ana i ka stator, e hana ana i kahi ikaika wili mau a pale i ka rotor mai ka stalling a i ʻole ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ke kuhikuhi.

Nā ʻano hana

Ka pono

ʻOkoʻa ka pono o nā motika DC palaki ma muli o kā lākou hoʻolālā, ka nui, a me nā kūlana hana. ʻO nā motika DC palaki liʻiliʻi, e like me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea uila mea kūʻai aku, he pae pono maʻamau o 50-70%, ʻoiai hiki i nā motika ʻoihana nui ke hoʻokō i nā pono a hiki i ka 85% a ʻoi aku paha. ʻO nā mea nui e pili ana i ka pono e pili ana i ka friction brush-commutator, nā pohō keleawe i loko o nā wili armature, nā pohō hao i loko o nā stator a me nā rotor cores, a me nā pohō mechanical (e laʻa, ka friction bearing). ʻO ka ʻaʻahu pulupulu a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ka commutator i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa hiki ke alakaʻi i ka emi mālie o ka pono.

Ka Paʻa a me ke Ola Loa

ʻO ke ola o kahi motika DC palaki ʻia e hoʻoholo nui ʻia e ka ʻaʻahu ʻana o ka palaki a me ka commutator. Ma lalo o nā kūlana hana maʻamau, hiki i nā palaki ke mau i nā manawa he mau tausani a hiki i nā ʻumi tausani o nā hola, ma muli o nā mea e like me ka wikiwiki o ka hana, ka ukana, ka mahana, a me ke ʻano o nā mea palaki a me nā mea commutator. I nā noi wikiwiki a i ʻole nā mea ukana kiʻekiʻe, hoʻolalelale ʻia ka ʻaʻahu ʻana o ka palaki, e hōʻemi ana i ke ola o ka motika. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka friction ma waena o nā palaki a me ka commutator e hoʻopuka i ka lepo a me ka wela, hiki ke hoʻopilikia hou aku i ka hana a me ke kūpaʻa o ka motika inā ʻaʻole i mālama pono ʻia.

Nā noi

ʻOiai ua helu ʻia kekahi mau noi koʻikoʻi e ka primer mua, hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini DC i palaki ʻia i kahi ākea o nā hiʻohiʻona ma muli o ko lākou mau ʻano kūikawā.

Nā Uila Mea kūʻai aku

Loaʻa nā mīkini DC palaki ma nā wahi āpau i nā mea uila mea kūʻai aku, kahi e kūpono ai ko lākou liʻiliʻi, ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, a me ka hoʻolālā maʻalahi:

Nā polokalamu lawe lima: Nā mīkini Vibrator i loko o nā kelepona akamai a me nā papa no ka manaʻo haptic (e laʻa, nā leka hoʻomaopopo, nā mea hoʻokele pāʻani).

Nā lako hale: Nā motika i loko o nā mea ʻumiʻumi uila, nā mea hoʻomaloʻo lauoho, nā mea huila, a me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻōpala.

Nā lako leo: Nā motika turntable a me nā motika mea hoʻokani cassette (i nā mea kani kahiko a me kekahi mau mea leo hou).

ʻO Robotics a me Aerospace

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mīkini DC i palaki ʻia i ka robotics a me ka aerospace ma muli o ko lākou nui liʻiliʻi a me ka torque hoʻomaka kiʻekiʻe:

Nā lopako liʻiliʻi: Nā lopako pāʻani, nā lopako hoʻonaʻauao, a me nā lopako hobbyist e pono ai ka neʻe maʻamau.

Nā Mea Lapaʻau

I nā lako lapaʻau, hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini DC i palaki ʻia i nā noi e pono ai ka neʻe pololei a hilinaʻi hoʻi:

Nā Noho Huila: E hāʻawi i ka neʻe ʻana no nā poʻe kīnā, me ka hoʻokele wikiwiki i hana ʻia e like me nā pono o ka mea hoʻohana.

Nā pamu lapaʻau: Nā pamu hoʻokomo a me nā pamu peristaltic e hāʻawi ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā wai i kahi helu i kāohi ʻia.

Nā lako hana hōʻoia: Nā motika liʻiliʻi i nā mīkini ultrasound a me nā mea nānā koko no ka neʻe ʻana o ka mīkini.

Hopena

Ma waho aʻe o kā lākou hoʻolālā maʻalahi a me ka torque hoʻomaka kiʻekiʻe, he kūpono ke kumukūʻai o nā mīkini DC palaki a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻohana, e lilo ana lākou i koho kaulana no nā noi he nui. Eia nō naʻe, he mau palena ko lākou, e like me ka kaohi wikiwiki palena a me nā koi mālama kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ka palaki a me ka commutator.

ʻOiai kēia mau palena,motika DC palaki ʻiaHoʻohana nui ʻia nā s ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole, me ke kaʻa, ka robotics, a me ka aerospace. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā noi e like me nā puka makani mana kaʻa, nā wipers windshield a me nā hoʻoponopono noho mana, a me nā lima robotic a me nā actuators i ka automation ʻoihana.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, he koho maʻalahi a hilinaʻi hoʻi nā mīkini DC palaki no nā noi he nui ma muli o kā lākou hoʻolālā maʻalahi, ka torque hoʻomaka kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻokele wikiwiki maʻalahi. ʻOiai he mau palena ko lākou, ʻo ko lākou kumukūʻai kūpono a me ka loaʻa ʻana e lilo ai lākou i koho kaulana no nā ʻano noi ʻoihana a me nā mea kūʻai aku. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻenehana i ka holomua, ʻo ka DC palakinā mīkini kālāe lilo mau ana ia i ʻāpana nui o ke kahua o nā kaʻa i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.

E kūkākūkā me kāu poʻe loea alakaʻi

Kōkua mākou iā ʻoe e pale i nā pilikia e hāʻawi i ka maikaʻi a me ka waiwai o kāu pono mīkini micro brushless, i ka manawa kūpono a ma ke kālā kūpono.