Umgaqo wokusebenza kwenjini yebhrashi
Ulwakhiwo oluphambili lweinjini engenabhrashiyi-stator + rotor + brush, kwaye i-torque ifunyanwa ngokujikeleza i-magnetic field ukuya kwi-output kinetic energy. I-brush ihlala inxibelelana ne-commutator ukuze iqhube umbane kwaye itshintshe isigaba sokujikeleza
Imoto yebhrashi IFUSA ukuguquguquka koomatshini, ipali yemagnethi ayishukumi, ukujikeleza kwekhoyili. Xa imoto isebenza, ikhoyili kunye ne-commutator ziyajikeleza, ngelixa ibhrashi yentsimbi yemagnethi kunye nekhabhoni azijikelezi. Utshintsho olutshintshanayo lwendlela yangoku yekhoyili lwenziwa yi-commutator kunye nebhrashi ejikeleza nemoto.
Kwi-brush motor, le nkqubo kukuhlanganisa isiphelo sokufaka amandla amabini se-coil, silandelelana, sicwangciswe ngesangqa, sahlulwe ngezinto zokukhusela phakathi komnye nomnye, senze into efana nesilinda, sibe yinto ephilayo ephindaphindeneyo kunye ne-motor shaft, umbane ohamba nge-pillar ezimbini ezincinci ezenziwe nge-carbon (i-carbon brush), phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo, ukusuka kwindawo ezimbini ezithile ezisisigxina, uxinzelelo kwi-power input, amanqaku amabini e-circular cylindrical coil ukuya kwi-coil yeseti yombane.
NjengeimotoXa ijikeleza, iikhoyili ezahlukeneyo okanye iipali ezahlukeneyo zekhoyili enye ziyanikwa amandla ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, ukuze kubekho umahluko ofanelekileyo we-Angle phakathi kwepali ye-ns yekhoyili evelisa intsimi yemagnethi kunye nepali ye-ns ye-stator yemagnethi esisigxina ekufutshane. Amasimi emagnethi ayatsalana kwaye ayaxoxisana, evelisa amandla kwaye etyhala i-motor ukuba ijikeleze. I-carbon electrode ityibilika entlokweni yentambo njengebhrashi kumphezulu wento, yiyo loo nto igama elithi "ibhrashi".
Ukutyibilika kunye kuya kubangela ukungqubana kunye nokulahleka kweebhrashi zekhabhoni, ekufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo. Ukutshintshana phakathi kwebhrashi yekhabhoni kunye nentloko yocingo lwekhoyili kunokubangela intlantsi yombane, ukuqhekeka kwe-electromagnetic kunye nokuphazamisana nezixhobo ze-elektroniki.
Umgaqo wokusebenza kwenjini engenabhrashi
Kwimoto engenamabhrashi, utshintsho lwenziwa yisekethe yokulawula kwisilawuli (ngokubanzi i-hall sensor + controller, kwaye iteknoloji ephucukileyo yi-magnetic encoder).
Imoto engenabhrashi IYASEBENZISA i-commutator ye-elektroniki, ikhoyili ayishukumi, ipali yemagnethi iyajikeleza. Imoto engenabhrashi IYASEBENZISA iseti yezixhobo ze-elektroniki ukuqonda indawo yepali yemagnethi yemagnethi esisigxina ngokusebenzisa i-hall element SS2712. Ngokwale ngqiqo, isekethe ye-elektroniki isetyenziselwa ukutshintsha indlela yangoku kwikhoyili ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa kwamandla emagnethi kwicala elifanelekileyo lokuqhuba imoto. Susa iingxaki zemoto yebhrashi.
Ezi sekethe zibizwa ngokuba zi-motor controllers. Umlawuli we-motor engenamabhrashi unokwenza neminye imisebenzi engenakufezekiswa yi-motor engenamabhrashi, njengokulungisa i-Angle yokutshintsha amandla, i-braking motor, ukwenza i-motor ibuyele umva, ukutshixa i-motor, kunye nokusebenzisa isignali ye-brake ukumisa umbane kwi-motor. Ngoku i-alamu ye-elektroniki yemoto yebhetri ivaliwe, isetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo le misebenzi.
I-motor ye-dc engenabhrashi yimveliso eqhelekileyo ye-mechatronics, eyenziwe ngumzimba wemoto kunye nomqhubi. Ekubeni i-motor ye-dc engenabhrashi isebenza kwimo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo, ayizukongeza ukujija kokuqala kwi-rotor njenge-motor ehambelanayo enolawulo lwesantya se-frequency eguquguqukayo kunye nokuqala komthwalo onzima, kwaye ayizukubangela ukushukuma nokuphuma xa umthwalo utshintsha.
Umahluko kwindlela yokulawula isantya phakathi kwemoto yebhrashi kunye nemoto engenabhrashi
Enyanisweni, ulawulo lweentlobo ezimbini zeemoto lulawulo lwe-voltage, kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-dc engenamabhulashi isebenzisa i-commutator ye-elektroniki, ngoko ke inokufezekiswa ngolawulo lwedijithali, kwaye i-dc engenamabhulashi isebenzisa i-commutator yebrashi yekhabhoni, ukusebenzisa isekethe ye-analog yendabuko elawulwa yi-silicon kunokulawulwa, kulula kakhulu.
1. Inkqubo yokulawula isantya semoto yebhrashi kukulungisa i-voltage yombane wemoto. Emva kokulungiswa, i-voltage kunye nomsinga ziguqulwa yi-commutator kunye nebhrashi ukutshintsha amandla e-magnetic field eveliswa yi-electrode ukufezekisa injongo yokutshintsha isantya. Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba yi-pressure regulation.
2. Inkqubo yokulawula isantya semoto engenamabhrashi kukuba i-voltage yombane wemoto ayitshintshi, isignali yokulawula yokulungiswa kombane iyatshintshwa, kwaye izinga lokutshintsha kwetyhubhu yeMOS enamandla aphezulu litshintshwa yi-microprocessor ukuze kufezekiswe utshintsho lwesantya. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-frequency conversion.
Umahluko ekusebenzeni
1. I-motor yebhrashi inesakhiwo esilula, ixesha elide lophuhliso kunye netekhnoloji evuthiweyo
Emva phaya kwinkulungwane ye-19, xa kwazalwa le moto, i-motor esebenzayo yayiluhlobo olungenamabhulashi, oko kukuthi i-ac squirrel-cage asynchronous motor, eyayisetyenziswa kakhulu emva kokuveliswa komsinga otshintshanayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-motor asynchronous ineziphene ezininzi ezingenakoyiswa, ngoko ke uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yemoto lucotha. Ngokukodwa, i-motor dc engenamabhulashi ayizange ikwazi ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwetekhnoloji ye-elektroniki, iye yafakwa kancinci kancinci kwishishini kude kube yiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngokwenyani, iseseluhlwini lwe-ac motor.
Imoto engenabhrashi yazalwa kungekudala, abantu bayila i-dc motor engenabhrashi. Ngenxa yokuba indlela esebenza ngayo i-dc brush motor ilula, kulula ukuyivelisa nokuyicubungula, kulula ukuyigcina, kulula ukuyilawula; i-Dc motor ikwanayo nempendulo ekhawulezayo, i-torque enkulu yokuqala, kwaye inokubonelela ngokusebenza kwe-torque elinganisiweyo ukusuka kwisantya esingenanto ukuya kwisantya esilinganisiweyo, ngoko ke isetyenziswa kakhulu xa iphuma.
2. I-motor ye-dc engenabhrashi inesantya sokuphendula esikhawulezayo kunye ne-torque enkulu yokuqalisa
Imoto engenabhrashi ye-Dc inempendulo ekhawulezayo yokuqalisa, i-torque enkulu yokuqalisa, utshintsho oluzinzileyo lwesantya, phantse akukho kungcangcazela okuvakalayo ukusuka kwi-zero ukuya kwisantya esiphezulu, kwaye inokuqhuba umthwalo omkhulu xa iqalisa. Imoto engenabhrashi inokumelana okukhulu kokuqalisa (i-inductive reactance), ngoko ke amandla aphantsi, i-torque yokuqalisa incinci, isandi sokuqala siyaduma, sihamba nokungcangcazela okunamandla, kwaye umthwalo wokuqhuba umncinci xa iqalisa.
3. Imoto ye-dc engenabhrashi isebenza kakuhle kwaye inesiphumo esihle sokubhuleka
Imoto engenabhrashi ilawulwa ngumgaqo wevolthi, ngoko ke ukuqala kunye nokuqhobosha kuzinzile, kwaye ukusebenza kwesantya esingaguqukiyo nako kuzinzile. Imoto engenabhrashi idla ngokulawulwa kukuguqulwa kwamaza edijithali, okuthi kuqala kutshintshe i-ac ibe yi-dc, kuze emva koko kube yi-dc ibe yi-ac, kwaye kulawule isantya ngokutshintsha kwamaza. Ke ngoko, i-motor engenabhrashi ayisebenzi kakuhle xa iqala kwaye iqhobosha, ngokungcangcazela okukhulu, kwaye iya kuzinza kuphela xa isantya singaguquki.
4, ukuchaneka kolawulo lwemoto yebhrashi ye-dc kuphezulu
Imoto engenamabhrashi ye-Dc idla ngokusetyenziswa kunye nebhokisi yokunciphisa kunye ne-decoder ukwenza amandla okukhupha emoto abe makhulu kwaye ukuchaneka kokulawula kuphakame, ukuchaneka kokulawula kungafikelela kwi-0.01 mm, phantse kuvumele iindawo ezihambayo zime nakweyiphi na indawo oyifunayo. Zonke izixhobo zomatshini ochanekileyo zichanekile kulawulo lwemoto ye-DC. Ekubeni imoto engenamabhrashi ingazinzanga ngexesha lokuqala nokuqhobosha, iindawo ezihambayo ziya kuma kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye indawo oyifunayo inokumiswa kuphela ngokubeka iphini okanye umda wesikhundla.
I-5, iindleko zokusebenzisa i-dc brush motor ziphantsi, kulula ukuzilungisa
Ngenxa yesakhiwo esilula semoto ye-dc engenamabhrashi, iindleko eziphantsi zemveliso, abavelisi abaninzi, iteknoloji evuthiweyo, ngoko ke isetyenziswa kakhulu, njengeefektri, izixhobo zomatshini wokucubungula, izixhobo ezichanekileyo, njl.njl., ukuba imoto ayisebenzi, tshintsha nje ibrashi yekhabhoni, ibrashi nganye yekhabhoni ifuna iidola ezimbalwa kuphela, ingabizi kakhulu. Itekhnoloji yemoto engenamabhrashi ayivuthwanga, ixabiso liphezulu, umda wesicelo ulinganiselwe, ikakhulu kufuneka ube kwizixhobo zesantya esingaguqukiyo, ezifana nokuguqulwa komoya opholileyo, ifriji, njl.njl., umonakalo wemoto engenamabhrashi unokutshintshwa kuphela.
6, akukho bhrashi, ukuphazamiseka okuphantsi
Iimoto ezingenabhrashi ziyayisusa ibhrashi, utshintsho oluthe ngqo kukungabikho kwe-spark esebenzayo yemoto yebhrashi, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kwe-spark yombane kwizixhobo zerediyo ezikude.
7. Ingxolo ephantsi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle
Ngaphandle kweebhrashi, i-motor engenabhrashi ayizukuba nokungqubana okuninzi ngexesha lokusebenza, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nengxolo ephantsi kakhulu, nto leyo eyinkxaso enkulu kuzinzo lokusebenza kwemodeli.
8. Ubomi benkonzo ende kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokulungisa
Ukuba ibrashi ayisebenzi kakhulu, ukuguguleka kwenjini engenabhrashi kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwi-bearing, ngokwembono yoomatshini, i-motor engenabhrashi phantse iyimoto engenasondlo, xa kuyimfuneko, yenza nje ulondolozo lothuli.
Ungathanda:
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-29-2019
