I-electromagnet ehambayo ene-ac eccitation kagesi yezigaba ezintathu (njenge-stator) ifakwe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zepuleti le-aluminium (kodwa ayixhumani) ngemigqa emibili. Umugqa wamandla kazibuthe uqonde ngqo epuletini le-aluminium, kanti ipuleti le-aluminium likhiqiza ugesi ngokungenisa, ngaleyo ndlela likhiqize amandla okushayela. Ngenxa yokungenisa okuqondile I-stator yemoto esitimeleni, isitimela esiqondisayo sifushane, ngakho-keInjini eqondileibizwa nangokuthi “ama-motor aqondile e-stator amafushane” (i-Short – stator Motor);
Isimiso senjini eqondile ukuthi i-magnet eqhubayo ixhunywe esitimeleni (njenge-rotor) bese kufakwa ikhoyili ye-armature enezigaba ezintathu (njenge-stator) emzileni ukuze ishayele imoto lapho ikhoyili emzileni inikeza ugesi oshintshashintshayo onezigaba ezintathu ngenani eliguquguqukayo lemijikelezo.
Ngenxa yejubane lohlelo lokunyakaza kwezimoto ngokuhambisana nejubane lokuvumelanisa elinemvamisa yamanje eshintshashintshayo yesigaba sesithathu ilingana nenani le-mobile, ebizwa ngokuthi i-linear synchronous Motor, futhi ngenxa ye-linear synchronous Motor stator ku-orbit, ene-orbit yinde, ngakho-ke i-linear synchronous Motor yaziwa nangokuthi "i-Long stator linear Motor" (i-Long - stator Motor).
Injini Edlidlizayo Eqondile Yesiqondiso sika-Z
Ngokwesiko ngenxa yokusebenzisa isitimela esizinikele, uhlelo lokuthuthwa kwesitimela kanye nokusebenzisa isondo lensimbi njengokusekela kanye nesiqondiso, ngakho-ke ngokwanda kwesivinini, ukumelana nokushayela kuzokwanda, kuyilapho ukudonsa, isitimela lapho ukumelana kukhulu kunokubambelela kungakwazi ukusheshisa, ngakho-ke ayikwazanga ukuphula uhlelo lokuthuthwa komhlaba ngokwethiyori isivinini esiphezulu samakhilomitha angu-375 ngehora.
Nakuba i-TGV yaseFrance ibeke irekhodi lomhlaba lama-515.3 km/h ohlelweni lwesitimela olujwayelekile, izinto zesitimela esinamasondo zingabangela ukushisa ngokweqile nokukhathala, ngakho-ke izitimela ezisheshayo zamanje eJalimane, eFrance, eSpain, eJapane nakwamanye amazwe azidluli ama-300 km/h ekusebenzeni kwezentengiselwano.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze kwandiswe isivinini sezimoto, kubalulekile ukushiya indlela yendabuko yokushayela ngamasondo bese usebenzisa i-“Magnetic Levitation”, evumela isitimela ukuba sintante siphume emzileni ukuze kuncishiswe ukungqubuzana futhi kwandiswe kakhulu isivinini semoto. Ngaphezu kokungabangeli umsindo noma ukungcola komoya, umkhuba wokuntanta usuke endleleni yokungena ungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Linear Motor kungasheshisa nohlelo lokuthutha lwe-maglev, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lokuthutha lwe-maglev lwe-Linear Motor kwaqala.
Lolu hlelo lwe-magnetic levitation lusebenzisa amandla kazibuthe adonsela noma axosha isitimela kude nomzila. Ama-Magnets avela ku-Permanent magnet noma ku-Super Conducting magnet (SCM).
Imagnethi ebizwa ngokuthi i-constant conductance iyi-general electromagnet, okungukuthi, kuphela uma ugesi uvuliwe, i-magnetism iyanyamalala lapho ugesi unqanyulwa. Ngenxa yobunzima bokuqoqa ugesi lapho isitimela sisejubaneni eliphezulu kakhulu, imagnethi ye-constant conductance ingasetshenziswa kuphela kumgomo wokuxosha ugesi futhi ijubane lihamba kancane (cishe ama-300kph) isitimela se-maglev. Ezitimeleni ze-maglev ezinejubane elifinyelela ku-500kph (kusetshenziswa umgomo wokukhanga ugesi), omamagnethi abaqhuba i-superconducting kumele babe nogesi unomphela (ngakho isitimela asidingi ukuqoqa ugesi).
Uhlelo lwe-magnetic levitation lungahlukaniswa lube yi-Electrodynamic Suspension (EDS) kanye ne-Electromagnetic Suspension (EMS) ngenxa yesimiso sokuthi amandla kazibuthe ayadonselana noma ayaxoshana.
Ukumiswa kukagesi (EDS) kuhloswe ukusebenzisa isimiso esifanayo, njengokunyakaza kwesitimela ngamandla angaphandle, idivayisi esitimeleni ivame ukuhamba ngamandla kazibuthe kagesi, kanye nogesi okhiqizwayo ku-coil emikhondweni, insimu kazibuthe evuselelekayo yamanje, ngoba insimu kazibuthe emibili isendaweni efanayo, ngakho-ke isizukulwane phakathi kwesitimela nokulandelela i-mutex, isitimela amandla okuphakamisa kanye ne-levitation. Njengoba ukumiswa kwesitimela kufezwa ngokulinganisa amandla kazibuthe amabili, ukuphakama kwaso kokumiswa kungalungiswa (cishe ngo-10 ~ 15mm), ngakho-ke isitimela sinokuzinza okukhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitimela kumele siqalwe ngezinye izindlela ngaphambi kokuba insimu yaso yamagnetic ikwazi ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi kanye nensimu yamagnetic ebangelwayo bese imoto imiswa. Ngakho-ke, isitimela kumele sibe namasondo “okuhamba” kanye “nokufika”. Lapho ijubane lifinyelela ngaphezu kwama-40kph, isitimela siqala ukukhuphuka (okungukuthi “ukuhamba”) futhi amasondo azogoqeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kunengqondo ukuthi lapho ijubane lehla futhi lingasamiswa, amasondo azokwehla ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze ashelele (okungukuthi, “ukufika”).
I-Linear Synchronous Motor (LSM) ingasetshenziswa kuphela njengohlelo lokuqhumisa olunejubane eliphansi (cishe amakhilomitha angu-300 ngehora). Isithombe 1 sibonisa inhlanganisela yohlelo lokumiswa kagesi (EDS) kanye ne-Linear Synchronous Motor (LSM).
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-21-2019
