Ihame ryo kugenzura moteri idakoresha uburoso

Uburyo bwo kugenzura moteri bukoreshwa ni ukugenzura uko moteri izunguruka cyangwa ihagarara, hamwe n'umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka. Igice cyo kugenzura moteri cyitwa kandi electronic speed controller (ESC). Guhindura amashanyarazi bihuye n'ikoreshwa rya moteri zitandukanye, harimo no guhindura amashanyarazi adafite uburoso n'uburoso.

Ingufu zihoraho za moteri y'uburoso zirahamye, umugozi uzunguruka uruziga, kandi icyerekezo cy'imbaraga za rukuruzi gihinduka bitewe n'aho uburoso buhurira n'icyuma gikoresha ingufu kugira ngo roteri ikomeze kuzenguruka buri gihe.

Moteri idafite uburoso, nk'uko izina ryayo ribigaragaza, ntabwo ifite icyo bita brush na commutator. Rotor yayo ni magnet ihoraho, mu gihe coil iba ihamye. Ihujwe neza n'amashanyarazi yo hanze.

Mu by’ukuri, moteri idafite uburoso ikenera kandi icyuma gikoresha ikoranabuhanga, ari na cyo gikoresho cya moteri. Ihindura icyerekezo cy’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi uri muri koyili ihamye igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, kugira ngo imbaraga ziri hagati yayo na rukuruzi ihoraho zikomeze kwanga kandi ko izenguruka rihoraho rishobora gukomeza.

Moteri idafite uburoso ishobora gukora idakeneye guhindurwa n'amashanyarazi, gutanga amashanyarazi kuri moteri mu buryo butaziguye bishobora gukora, ariko ibi ntibishobora kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri. Moteri idafite uburoso igomba kuba ifite uburyo bwo guhindurwa n'amashanyarazi, bitabaye ibyo ntishobora kuzenguruka. Umuriro utaziguye ugomba guhindurwamo umuriro usimburana w'ibice bitatu hakoreshejwe amabwiriza agenga umuriro udafite uburoso.

Guhindura amashanyarazi bwa mbere ntabwo ari nk'uburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi buriho ubu, ubwa mbere ni uburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi bwa brush, ibi wabibaza, uburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi bwa brush ni iki, none uburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi bwa brushless bufite itandukaniro irihe.

Mu by’ukuri, hari itandukaniro rinini hagati y’ibitagira uburoso n’ibitagira uburoso bishingiye kuri moteri. Ubu rotor ya moteri, ari nayo gice gishobora kuzenguruka, ni yo shingiro rya rukuruzi gusa, kandi koyili ni stator idahindagurika, kuko nta buroso bwa karuboni buri hagati, iyi ni moteri itagira uburoso.

Kandi moteri y'uburoso, nk'uko izina ribivuga, ni uburoso bwa karuboni, bityo hariho moteri y'uburoso, nkuko dusanzwe abana bakina na remote control ya moteri ari moteri y'uburoso.

Dukurikije ubwoko bubiri bw'imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi n'izina rya brush na brush - amashanyarazi adafite amashanyarazi. Mu rwego rw'umwuga, brush ni umusaruro w'amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi adafite brush ni ac y'icyiciro cya gatatu.

Umuriro utaziguye ni amashanyarazi abitswe muri batiri yacu, ashobora kugabanywamo inkingi nziza n'izibi. Ingufu z'urugo rwacu za 220V, zikoreshwa mu gushyushya telefoni igendanwa cyangwa mudasobwa, ni ac. Ac ifite umurongo runaka, muri rusange ni umurongo w'impinduka za plus na minus, plus na minus; Umuriro utaziguye ni inkingi nziza n'inkingi mbi.

None se ko ac na dc byumvikana neza, amashanyarazi y’icyiciro cya gatatu ni iki? Dukurikije inyigisho, umuriro usimburana w’icyiciro cya gatatu ni ubwoko bw’amashanyarazi butuma habaho amashanyarazi, bwitwa amashanyarazi y’icyiciro cya gatatu, bugizwe n’ubushobozi butatu busimburana bufite umurongo umwe, amplitude imwe n’itandukaniro ry’icyiciro rya dogere 120 zikurikiranye.

Muri rusange, ni urugo rwacu amashanyarazi atatu asimburana, uretse voltage, frequency, drive Inguni ni zitandukanye, izindi ni zimwe, ubu ku mashanyarazi y’icyiciro cya gatatu n’amashanyarazi ataziguye birasobanuka.

Nta burashi, iyinjizwa ni umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi utaziguye, unyuze muri capacitor ya filter kugira ngo uhamye voltage. Byombi bigabanyijemo inzira ebyiri, inzira yose ikoreshwa na BEC igenzurwa n'amashanyarazi, BEC ni iyakira n'iya MCU igenzurwa n'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi, umusaruro ujya kuri receptor y'umugozi w'amashanyarazi ni imirongo itukura ku murongo n'umurongo w'umukara, indi ikoreshwa mu muyoboro wa MOS kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu buryo bwose, hano, igenzurwa n'amashanyarazi ikoresheje amashanyarazi, SCM yatangiye, itwara umuyoboro wa MOS utemba, ituma amadomo ya moteri agwa.

Hari uburyo bwo gukosora amashanyarazi bufite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura throttle. Mbere yo kwinjira muri sisitemu yo guhagarara, izagenzura niba aho throttle iri hejuru cyangwa hasi cyangwa hagati. Iyo aho throttle iri hejuru, izinjira mu rugendo rwo gukosora amashanyarazi.

Iyo byose birangiye, mudasobwa ntoya ifite chip imwe iri mu igenamiterere ry'amashanyarazi izagena voltage n'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ndetse n'icyerekezo cy'imodoka n'inguni y'inguni kugira ngo itware umuvuduko wa moteri kandi ihindukire hakurikijwe ikimenyetso kiri ku murongo wa PWM. Iri ni ihame rya electromodulation idakoresha brushless.

Iyo moteri ikoresha, amatsinda atatu yose ya MOS tube akora mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi, abiri muri buri tsinda, umusaruro mwiza umwe ugenzura, umusaruro mubi umwe ugenzura, iyo umusaruro mwiza, umusaruro mubi, ntabwo ari mubi, umusaruro w'umusaruro uba mwinshi, wakoze umuyoboro usimburana, kandi, kugira ngo ukore uyu murimo, amatsinda atatu ya frequence yabo ni 8000 hz. Tuvuze kuri ibi, brushless electrical regulation nayo ingana na moteri y'uruganda ikoreshwa kuri frequence converter cyangwa governor.

Injira ni dc, ubusanzwe ikoreshwa na bateri za lithium. Isohoka ni ac y'ibice bitatu, ishobora gutwara moteri mu buryo butaziguye.

Byongeye kandi, icyuma gikoresha ikoranabuhanga cya airmodel kitagira uburoso gifite imirongo itatu y’ibimenyetso, ikimenyetso cya PWM cy’inyongera, gikoreshwa mu kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri. Ku binyabiziga by’indege, cyane cyane ku binyabiziga by’indege bifite umurongo une, hakenewe ibinyabiziga byihariye by’indege bitewe n’umwihariko wabyo.

None se kuki ukeneye uburyo bwihariye bwo gutunganya amashanyarazi kuri quad, ni iki kidasanzwe kuri yo?

Iki gikoresho gifite OARS enye, kandi OARS ebyiri ziratandukanye cyane. Kuzunguruka imbere no kuzunguruka inyuma ku buyobozi bw'ikibaho bishobora gukemura ibibazo byo kuzunguruka biterwa no kuzunguruka kw'icyuma kimwe.

Ubugari bwa buri bwato ni buto, kandi imbaraga za centrifugal ziratatana uko OARS enye zizenguruka. Bitandukanye n'ubwato bugororotse, hari imbaraga imwe gusa ya centrifugal ikora imbaraga za centrifugal zikomeye zikora imiterere ya gyroscopic, bigatuma icyuma kidahindukira vuba.

Bityo rero, inshuro zo kuvugurura ikimenyetso cyo kugenzura ibyuma biyobora imodoka ni nke cyane.

Kugira ngo habeho igisubizo cyihuse, bitewe n’impinduka mu miterere y’ikirere ziterwa no guhindagurika kw’ikirere, hakenewe amashanyarazi yihuta cyane ashobora guhindurwa, umuvuduko wo kuvugurura PPM isanzwe igenzurwa n’amashanyarazi wa hz 50 gusa, ntuhaza ibyifuzo byo kugenzura umuvuduko, na PPM igenzura amashanyarazi ya MCU yubatswe muri PID, ishobora guhindura umuvuduko w’indege isanzwe kugira ngo itange uburyo bworoshye, ku mizunguruko ine ntibikwiye, impinduka z’umuvuduko wa moteri y’imizunguruko ine zikenewe ni igisubizo cyihuse.

Hamwe n’impinduka zidasanzwe z’amashanyarazi zikoresha umuvuduko wo hejuru, ikimenyetso cyo kugenzura uburyo bwo kohereza bisi cya IIC, gishobora kugera ku mpinduka z’umuvuduko wa moteri ibihumbi amagana ku isegonda, mu rugendo rw’imirongo ine, igihe cyo kwitwara gishobora kuguma gihamye. Nubwo haba hari ingaruka zitunguranye z’ingufu zo hanze, ziracyari nzima.

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